Walmarts Ethics or Lack of and Employee Dissatisfaction

In my opinion Wal-Mart has exhibited lots of unethical behaviors over the course of several years. They have been using Anti-union propaganda to deter its employees from joining a union, which is their legal right. Most employees are made to watch videos outlining how Unions would destroy Wal-Mart and essentially their employees, however this appears to be a scare tactic. They have even gone as far as shutting down one of its stores to prevent further unionization in Canada. Under Quebec law, a company is legally entitled to shut down a store or a factory for any reason – even to thwart unionization – as long as the closure is permanent. Wal-Mart cancelled its long-term lease of the building it occupied in Jonquià ¨re, eliminating any possibility that the store will reopen (Bianco, 2006). These practices are evidence of a company who has no utter respect for its employees’ rights or wellbeing. Wal-Mart has developed their own culture within their organization. Stability is provided by a strong organization culture. It’s not for all organizations, it can be a major barrier, such as it is for Wal-Mart. The work of setting a positive ethical climate has to start at the top of the organization. Clearly the wrong type of organizational culture can negatively influence employee ethical behavior (Robbins Judge, 2013, p. 526). This leads to the unethical practices Wal-Mart has in place such as their â€Å"Open Door Policy† which encourages employees to take their complaints straight toShow MoreRelatedWal Mart Case Study The Challenge of Managing Relationships with Stakeholders17330 Words   |  70 PagesManaging Relationships with Stakeholders† A Case Study on Business Ethics and Stakeholder Relationships A Report by Abdul Rahman Nawawi Holger Behrens Jurattana Jamkrajang Paphat Kriangthanapha Phikulthong Pangjunan Suttasinee Suebsahakarn Younten Phuntso 53060790 52027564 50019826 52032481 54055255 52047480 53060909 Submitted to Ajarn Nakul Boonrod 29 May 2012 In partial fulfillment for the course: IBC 360: Business Ethics Semester 2/2011 1 Table of Contents Table of ContentsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesDo Employers Owe Workers More Satisfying Jobs? 74 glOBalization! 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Discuss the concept of social responsibility marketing and how it impacts both companies and consumers. Answer: The social responsibility marketing concept holds that

Marketing Management A Marketing Manager - 1372 Words

I want to become a marketing manager. A marketing manager is someone in a company who directs and is in charge of promoting and advertising the company s products. Marketing managers would have to create campaigns and be organized. Additionally, they plan out how the product will be communicated with the customers. They are in charge of making sure the campaigns stay on budget and are profitable. In order to become a marketing manager I need to get a bachelor’s degree and go to a four year college or university. I would be a good marketing manager because I love to travel, like to communicate with others, and I’m organized and neat; these skills will benefit me to succeed in this career because you need to find a creative way to attract†¦show more content†¦I interviewed Mr. Lethco because he worked in a small marketing company in San Francisco. He worked as SEO (Search Engine Optimization) in the company ZEEBLU. His job was to help companies get their content in the top three spaces when searching on Google. Also, he made sure the company had a good website, which required lots of writing and re-branding. Re-branding means the company and the website would need to be re-done and this includes a new logo, name, design, arrangement †¦ etc. He said, â€Å"Writing was the most useful skill for my job in marketing.† Mr. Lethco has a degree in economics and another degree in professional writing from UC Santa Barbara. He then studied branding and other business related classes at UC Berkeley. While working in the marketing company he overcame challenges such as working for months figuring out a way to creatively new brands of the street sweeping company. He had to make the sweeping company show up as number one when searched on Google. There were easier clients as well, which were simpler to rebrand and create better websites. Most of the client’s products or services target small groups of people, which required a unique pl an. Marketing requires solving problems, creativity, and being able to interact with people. Mr. Lethco states, â€Å"When a company hires a marketing firm, they are trusting you with everything. They need to know that you will do all that you can toShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management : Marketing Manager Essay957 Words   |  4 Pagesthe articles and after I made some research about marketing, I noticed that there are different roles. For example, one that caught my attention was marketing manager. The salary was not what caught my attention, because they do get paid very well. But what caught my attention was the name. When I read the the first article, I thought it would be simple. 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Racism or Class Discrimination Free Essays

Racism is an issue that has been prevalent within America for hundreds of years. We overcame slavery with the help of famous American leaders like Abraham Lincoln and fought for equal rights with the help of Martin Luther King Jr. Today we face the issue of a more discreet kind of racism- the kind of racism that is more felt than heard. We will write a custom essay sample on Racism or Class Discrimination or any similar topic only for you Order Now A sales associate who may not ask a customer to leave because of the color of their skin, but follows the customer around the store to make sure he or she isn’t stealing is an example of discreet racism. This type of racism is harder to fight because it is harder to recognize than outward discrimination. It seems as though minorities, especially African-Americans, have a disadvantage from the time they are born. According to Leondar-Wright, â€Å"The median white family has more than $120,000 in net worth (assets minus debts), while the median black family has less than $20,000. † There are many reasons why black families’ net worth is so much lower than white families’, but among the most obvious reasons is discrimination. Children from low-income families tend to have more responsibilities than those from middle or high-income families. These responsibilities may take away from time spent on schoolwork. For example, if a fourteen year old must work to help pay household expenses because his or her parents are having trouble making ends meet, it is highly possible that time spent working could be taking away from time spent doing schoolwork. Even if a student does not have to work while in school, it is still possible that his or her parents (if the student is lucky enough to live with both their mother and father) work hours that would render him or her responsible for extended amounts of housework. Either way, it is likely that a low-income, minority student must work much harder than a middle or high-income student to achieve the same academic status. If and when African-American students are accepted into college, it is much harder for them to be granted a loan to help pay for their college education. Because loans are given based on current income to debt ratio, banks are more weary of lending money to low-income families for fear of not getting their money back. Even in college, many African-American students must work to support themselves, which takes up time. Time spent working, again is time that they could be using to study. Because of all the obstacles they face, African-American students must work much harder to accomplish the same achievements as white students. Once in the work place, whether it be after college or not, African-Americans still must work harder than Whites to attain the same level of success. Simply finding a job can prove to be a challenge for minorities. The old saying, ‘it’s not what you know, but who you know’ holds true for the job finding process. For many minority young adults, parents and relatives who may be able to assist in the job search have fewer connections than white families. Therefore, students from low-income families must work harder to find jobs than many students from white or middle-class families. Even the simple process of applying for a job proves to be yet another hurdle for minorities. In the essay ‘Institutional Discrimination’ by Robert Cherry, the term â€Å"statistical discrimination† is brought up. Statistical discrimination is referred to as â€Å"the process by which individuals are discriminated against when firms use group characteristics to screen individuals. † Because employers often have a large amount of applications to go through to fill one or just a small amount of positions, they often base their choices off ‘of group characteristics rather than individual information. ’ Because employers do not want to spend a lot of time screening potential candidates, they chose to discriminate against groups of people that, in their minds, are not as productive as others. According to a study by Irons and Moore, African-American workers tend to be left out of the â€Å"informal communications network. † This basically means they are left out of water cooler conversations that may provide valuable information to them pertaining to their work. The study also found that on average, it took much longer for African Americans to be promoted than their White co-workers, and that â€Å"They had to demonstrate over and over and over again that they were worthy of promotion. (Cose 78) Overall, the study found that success came later, harder, and at a lower degree for Blacks than Whites in America. Another point mentioned in Coses’ ‘Rage of a Privileged Class’ is something called the â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy† (Cose 88), which basically states that performance is greatly based on expectations. For example, if someone believes they are expected to perform well at a particular task, they will most likely perform better than if he or she is expected to perform poorly. This concept can easily be applied to the classroom setting. If a teacher expects her white students to perform better than her minority students, this can have a great effect on her student’s performances. While racism is still an issue in the United States today, the main problem can be traced to the issue of class discrimination. The majority of minorities come from low-income families; â€Å"Poverty rates for Blacks (at 24. 3%) in 2006 were 16. 1% higher than Whites (at 8. 2%). † (H. T. Edney) Once born into a lower class family, your life will be filled with uphill battles and constant struggle. Lower class citizens are discriminated against everywhere in the United States. Banks hesitate to lend money to low-income students going to college, even though they must work harder to get into college than upper class students. Because they must work harder, low income students are more likely to appreciate the opportunity given to them and less likely to take advantage of any help he or she may receive along the way. If you are a lower-class African-American reading this essay, you may be wondering who today’s Martin Luther King Jr. ill be, or if there will be anyone from our generation who will pioneer for your rights. On the other hand, if you are a white, upper-middle class person reading this essay, you may not find racism to be an especially important issue in our society today. No matter your particular situation it is an inarguable fact that the socioeconomic class you are born into will become the chief factor in determining how far you will be able to go in life. Whether this is a good thing or not, may be up for some debate. How to cite Racism or Class Discrimination, Essay examples

Dinosaur Extinction Essay Example For Students

Dinosaur Extinction Essay A number of different theories have been assessed throughout the course of this research to attempt to reach a conclusion as to the reason behind the extinction of the Tyrannosaurus Rex. Although all arguments are credible, and supportive with educated information and data, the most conclusive theory of all is The Alvarez Asteroid Impact theory. Alvarez, a researcher at the University of California, discovered a pencil thin layer of Iridium around the rocks in Gubbio, Italy. (New Scientist, 1) Iridium is an element found in meteorites and asteroids. In 1980 it was proven that the layer if Iridium was evidence of a huge comet or meteorite that crashed into the earth sixty five million years ago. The normal amount of Iridium an area is to have is 0.001 on an average. The layer of Iridium found in Gubbio Italy was 0.003. Thirty times the average amount in parts per million. (New Scientist, 1) The theory of the Alvarez Asteroid states that the strength of this comet is at 10,000 times the explosive power of the global nuclear arsenal. The Alvarez Asteroid theory is the leading explanation as to why the amazing dinosaur creatures died millions of years ago, along with many other animals of the Earths Crustaceous Period. The extinction of the Tyrannosaurus Rex was obviously due to the same reason. Every other living species was killed sixty five million years ago. Although it is believed that the asteroid theory is the cause of extinction of the Crustaceous Period, we cannot be positive. The environmental effects of this problem were that the dinosaurs living during this period perished from the earth and their extinction remains a mystery to us to this day. All we can do to reenact what happened is use the technology we have in the twenty first century to find more evidence to see what went wrong so long ago. By discovering things like what happened to the Tyrannosaurus Rex we can use this information to prevent an event such as a mass extinction from happening a second time. Although it is impossible to rewrite history, we still have to be careful to prevent a catastrophe like the asteroid said to have hit the earth sixty five million years ago. If there is ever a scare of an asteroid as big as the Alvarez Asteroid, one way of preventing it from hitting Earth is have something block it, or collide with it. If our country could do this before it hits the earth, with a missile or something of that sort, it could hit the asteroid and blow it up before it hits the earth. As regular citizens there isnt much to do to prevent a problem such as this. If an asteroid wants to hit the earth its going to try to regardless to how people treat the environment. We really have no control in what happens in space, and how our atmosphere works. One way that our country is helping citizens learn about these fascinating creatures that existed so long ago and what happened to them, is our beautiful museums. The leading dinosaur exhibit is in the Smithsonian. The Smithsonian Museum of Science provides a huge dinosaur exhibit including all of the theories of how dinosaurs were killed. It is very important to educate people on the past, for the future. If they know what happened back then, they will have ideas on how to solve certain problems when they are in charge. There are many technologies used in dinosaur studies. One of course is theMicroscope. Most scientists use microscopes no matter what field of science they are in. Even paleontologists use them to discover certain characteristics of the fossils they are examining to determine how old they are or what species of dinosaur they belong to. .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce , .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .postImageUrl , .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce , .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:hover , .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:visited , .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:active { border:0!important; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:active , .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0b7162cc92cd71c2695e382c8141e8ce:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Language Essay Another technology that we can use today to prevent an event such as the Alvarez Asteroid is telescopes. Telescopes are great. They allow humans to see what they would never dream of being able to see with the naked eye. They let us view things that we could only dream of ever being able to touch. That is why they are such an important piece of technology. By being able to detect things before they enter our atmosphere, countries could shoot missiles at asteroids to prevent them from hitting the earth and save the human civilization. Not only did dinosaurs die but also 75% of all living things in the PrehistoricPeriod. What occurred was a mass extinction, a worldwide death of most of the living creatures on earth. It is believed that the death of these creatures was triggered by a collision of an asteroid, 10-km in diameter, with earth. (Melbourne Planetarium, 1)The extinction of the dinosaur race occurred sixty five million years ago when an asteroid between 4 and 9 miles wide hit the earth. When the asteroid hit the earth huge clouds of debris and dust penetrated the air making it almost impossible for living organisms to breathe. As a result of the huge impact to the earth an irruption of all volcanoes took place sending molten rock and lava everywhere. Also since there were oceans the impact to the water created huge tsunamis that splashed upon the earth and severe storms began to rise from this. Since there was so much air pollution due to the volcanic irruptions and all of the debris in the air, the rain became highly acidic. Since the rain began to turn acidic the chemicals began to change in the Earths atmosphere making abnormally high levels of sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and fluoride compounds. Due to all of the debris in the air it is believed that it began to block the sunlight, drastically lowering the temperature making the living conditions unbearable to the organisms that had survived that far. (Zoom Dinosaurs, 1)Besides dinosaurs there were a large of amount of other living organisms thatWere also killed. The asteroid killed 75% of all living organisms in that time. As to the conditions that were described above any human now could see how it would be almost impossible to sustain living conditions sixty five million years ago. ManyOrganisms could not adapt to the temperature and light changes and died. Also not only moving organisms but plants too. They were probably the first to die due to the changes in the light, without sunlight they wouldnt be able to live or adapt to the changes because they need sunlight to survive. Many organisms that depended on air in order to breathe also died very quick, since there was so much dust and debris in the air they were unable to cope with the dramatic changes in their climate. (Zoom Dinosaurs, 1)Out of all the animals that were killed during the Crustaceous Period, theTyrannosaurus Rex is the most memorable of all. It was the king of his time and no other dinosaur would stand up to him. On an average, most Tyrannosauruses weighed at least seven tons and were over forty feet long. The T-Rex was the largest meat-eating dinosaur. The teeth of the T-Rex are thick and sharp for the killing of its prey. The T-Rex was also very fast; in fact it could outrun any species of dinosaur if it was hungry enough. Scientists have also found that the Tyrannosaurus was also very smart, it would outwit any prey if it needed a snack, even the Gigantosaurus the only dinosaur that is bigger than the T-Rex wasnt smarter than the king. (Highlights, 22)The Tyrannosaurus Rex was a very smart and interesting dinosaur and it is unfortunate that we will never be able to see one. The extinction of dinosaurs was brought on by the Alvarez Theory. .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 , .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .postImageUrl , .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 , .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:hover , .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:visited , .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:active { border:0!important; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:active , .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47 .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc4b1b9e40c6ab375ba1a2fd110863a47:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: McKinley 1 Essay It is great to know what actually happened to them now, and also know how to prevent such an occurrence from happening again. If our country uses the technology it has available it will be possible to find out more about the mass extinction of the Crustaceous Period. As the years pass technology becomes more advanced and we will eventually know everything there is to know about what happened sixty five million years ago.

Supreme Court Essays (503 words) - Anal Eroticism, Judicial Activism

Supreme Court Restraint & Activism Judicial activism is loosely defined as decisions or judgements handed down by judges that take a broad interpretation of the constitution. It is a decision that is more of a reflection of how the judge thinks the law should be interpreted rather than how the law has or was intended to be interpreted. There are many examples of judicial activism; examples include the opinions of Sandra Day OConnor in the Lynch v. Donnelly and the Wallace v. Jaffree trials. Sandra Day argues for the changing of the First Amendments ban on establishment of religion into a ban on endorsement of religion. Others include US v. Kinder where our congress passed legislation that would require a minimum sentence for persons caught distributing more than 10 grams of cocaine. Judge Leval used a weighing method suggested by the sentencing commission rather than the method required by congress. The different method used did not trigger the mandatory sentence whereas the congressional method would have. Miranda v. Arizona is a very important activist decision that required police to inform criminal suspects of their rights before they could be interrogated. These rights include: the right to remain silent, that anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law, you have a right to an attorney, if you cannot afford an attorney one will be appointed to you be the court. In this case the Fifth Amendments right that a person may not be forced to incriminate ones self was interpreted in an activist way as meaning that one must be aware of this right before on is interrogated by the police. Prior to this ruling it was common practice to force and coerce confessions from criminal suspects who did not know they had the right not to incriminate themselves. Judicial restraint is loosely defined as decisions or judgements that take a narrow interpretation of the constitution. It reflects a respect for the law as it has been enacted by the Legislature. Rather than creating new laws from broad interpretations. For myself, it is somewhat harder to distinguish what judicial restraint is. An example of judicial restraint would be the 1996 case of Bowers v. Hardwick. Hardwick was charged with violating the Georgia statute of sodomy by committing a sexual act with another male in the bedroom of his home. He challenged his conviction in the Supreme Court. The key issues were that Supreme Court upheld his conviction stating that the Constitution does not give the right for homosexuals to engage in sodomy. The justices also felt that there should be great resistance to expand the reach of the due process clauses to cover any new fundamental rights. Whereas the Roe v. Wade decision stated that women have the right to privacy when in the constitutio n no right exist, the Bowers v. Hardwick decision stated that there is no part of the constitution that gives the right of sodomy by homosexuals. Political Issues

How to Write a Great Essay Step by Step †Pro-Academic-Writers.com

How to Write a Great Essay Step by Step Since you become a high school student, you start receiving various writing homework assignments such as essays or research papers. Well, some teachers assign this sort of job in middle and even elementary school, but only high school, college, and university academic papers have strict requirements. By learning how to write essay step by step beginning with an introduction and ending up with the conclusion, one will have all chances to become a successful author or journalist one day. At least, successful completion of such tasks guarantees you high grades and in-depth knowledge of different subjects. Besides, it is a good way to learn how to write and communicate your information to any audience. Guide to Writing Any Type of Essay Research process We would like to begin with the very first step to success known as in-depth research. You may wonder, but it comes before the first paragraph called introduction or even before the cover page. Research, in fact, takes the most of your time. The point is to find related and up-to-date information which will be useful for your entire paper. The sources have to be no older than five years. Besides, a good research may provide you with an idea for your entire paper in case the topic is not assigned by your teacher. In addition, you may find a useful example of the essay when searching for relevant information. You may use the sources you have found for your further projects. The main idea is to provide credible evidence such as statistics and facts and insert in-text citations when composing an essay. One more thing to persuade you of the importance of the task: a personal statement or scholarship essay is a great example of academic writing assignment that guarantees you a place in the best university or some financial rewards during your higher education. But even these basically reflective genres require in-depth research. E.g., the applicant has to look for a good example of a personal statement to know what they are expecting to read in Harvard or Stanford. Choosing essay topic It’s one of the most responsible steps so far. No example would help you. The name of your paper should be based on your original idea. You may take one of the most discussed topics in the modern world. You may write about the role of educational apps in the life of contemporary students, but stress your own point of view based on the facts that you have collected using one of the research techniques. Support your choice by pointing to the importance of the discussed issue and add some statistics to get higher credibility. Selecting essay topic is a huge responsibility. Use essay writing service to help you with both interesting idea and the rest of the process for fair prices. Writing Process Itself Essay introduction The first paragraph of any academic paper is known as an introduction. The first sentence should catch the attention of your reader so that he or she will read the piece to the end. It’s not that easy as you think. First of all, the first paragraph should present the main idea of the entire essay so that the audience understands what the paper is definitely about. You may begin to write your essay with a brief but meaningful quotation. But it has to be related to the entire text. Also, you may support your introduction to statistics received from some credible sources. Include a fact or a short story of why given topic was chosen. You must show that provided subject is important for many people, not just you care about it. If you want to find out the rest of the true writer’s features, you may read this article. The introduction should end up with so called thesis statement which has to be both persuasive and engaging. It must stimulate your audience to read the entire text paragraph by paragraph. In other words, it is better to conclude your introduction with a strong argument that will give the overall idea of further paper and conclusion. It may end up with the question, but when we speak about academic writing, one has to think about a strong argument to discuss. Body paragraphs There is one part which looks pretty much the similar in all sort of college tasks: Essays Research papers Book/movie reviews Lab reports Case studies Business plans PowerPoint presentations This part is called a body. The body of any essay consists of 3-5 paragraphs with strong arguments developed to support your main idea (thesis) mentioned in the introduction and repeated in conclusion. On the whole, the body part is usually the longest and most boring one, but you have to write even these paragraphs with love and passion to provide the best example of the excellent essay to your teacher and classmates. Student should follow: writing style guidelines generally accepted grammar spelling punctuation English vocabulary various online templates/samples Only then his entire work will look engaging and interesting. Here are some other advice to use within your essay structure†¦ Write the body paragraphs without making them too long. Many students make a huge mistake when they create a small introduction and conclusion by overwhelming body paragraphs. Your essay still should not be longer than 500-1500 words. In depends on the task and specific requirements of your tutor. In fact, admission essay cannot be longer than 275-300 words as they are checking how concise you can be. Thus, it does not always matter only how you write or how great your idea is. You should write a body so that it might serve as a perfect example for future generations. Look at a good example as a key from time to time, but do not copy-paste a word! On the whole, follow the simple body outline: Argument 1 Argument 2 Argument 3 With the support of each added in every last conclusion sentence. At last (and the rule suits all types of academic essays and research papers (except for the personal statements)), it is better to avoid the first person. Consider writing from the third person. In other words, do not use words like "we," "my," "your" or "our" in your essay. Conclusion The purpose of the whole essay is to come up with the nice conclusion which restates your thesis sentence and lists all arguments recalled throughout the text once again. Do not forget to include reference page just after your conclusion on a separate page. The best online writers should serve as both authors and educators. Counsel them on any issue during the writing process. 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Evaluates the main developments( history) of customer relationship Literature review

Evaluates the main developments( history) of customer relationship - Literature review Example It wasn’t as complex as today’s customer relationship which is well-developed. It primarily involved interaction between a company’s staff and customers. Even though it was useful, information on the existent database was unorganized, hard to track, update and retrieve (Moseley 1999). The 90s experienced great advances in terms of customer relationship. Companies started seeing the gains in extending perks to potential and existing customers for repeat buys or in exchange for applicable customer information. Companies started viewing customer service as a skill that is evolving continuously instead of a stagnant service that can be used whenever (Moseley 1999; Timm 2011) Today, Customer Relationship Management is at its full potential making it possible for businesses to attain superior customer service and maximize their potentials. Customization of software to fit a specific business or industry is made possible by innovation and more improved tools are available. Benefits savoured by clients are beneficial to the companies awarding them as well since they can now easily track the patterns, spending history and behaviour of their clients (DeGregor 2011). Storage matters for huge databases, particularly for big companies can now be settled with Customer Relationship Managements online capabilities. Opening secure internet mediums for staging Customer Relationship Management and offsite storage of data are now being offered by Customer Relationship Management software developers. Customer Relationship Management is most useful for those organizations that immensely depend on customer service or technology. Most Customer Relationship Management-based software and tools are hence used by the computer hardware and software sectors, the telecommunications industry and credit card companies. Customer Relationship Management history surely indicates that something really effective and

Gender sexuality and law seminar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Gender sexuality and law seminar - Essay Example Non-British people who happened to be in Britain assumed a rebellious attitude and harboured notions of giving it back to the English what they had learnt in terms of equal rights, prerogatives and position in society. This is reflected to this day in modern British society as remnants of the populations who had migrated to Britain in the post colonial era continue to maintain their distinct identities and regional preferences. Although hobnobbing with on equal terms with native English, their resentment and defiance shows its colours from time to time. The author has specifically implied that historical events have a definite impact on the emergence of collective identities in human populations. According to him, the late modern democracy as an entity has emerged out of ‘selected contradictory operations of politicized identity’ (Wilson, pg. 54). Forces of global capitalism and the disciplinary-bureaucratic regimes typical of the colonial period have shaped the politica l identities of people living in the modern world. Quote 2: â€Å"The tension between particularistic ‘I’ and a universal ‘we’ in liberalism is sustainable as long as the constituent terms of the ‘I’ remain unpoliticised....† (Wilson, Pg. ... The perception of ‘I’ imparts s degree of individualism despite remaining part of the mainstream society. This prevents the formation of a politicized identity. The author has specifically illustrated this by giving examples of homosexuals and Jews, as they exist in modern society. While remaining part of the society, both these identities continue to be characterized into a specialist category due to the peculiarities of their identified characteristics. The possibility of existence of democracy has been facilitated in liberalism only due to the fact that what is considered as universal does not have either a body or content i.e. it is an abstract entity. The author believes that social identities are established in modern liberalist democratic societies through the action of liberalism’s companion powers which he names as ‘capitalism and disciplinarity’, originally identified by Marx and Focault (pg. 57). Capitalism’s endeavours in the modern society produce desires in individuals which emerge as identities and disciplinary forces regulate subjects into behaviour-based identities which are recognizable in society. The exemplary examples of such identities provided by the author are those of ‘alcoholic professionals’ and ‘crack mother’ and many more categories can be visualised under this lens. Quote 3: â€Å"Within lesbian and gay rights movements, few, if any, people believe that winning human rights will achieve equality, much less liberation (Herman, pg. 33)†: The author, in his argument entitled ‘Beyond the Rights Debate’ contends that legal academicians’ have diagrammatically opposing inferences on what are considered as ‘rights’ in

Descriptive Narration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Descriptive Narration - Essay Example It was about dinner time when I asked my parents to get dressed up so we could go and dine out at Al-Habib Resturant. Al-Habib had to be the perfect location that night as it was located on the suburbs of Karachi and I wanted to drive out of the metro for a change, plus the food they offered was amongst the best in town. Convincing my parents wasn’t an easy job at all considering my mom isn’t an easy person to deal with. Looking for my parents, I finally found them in the kitchen. Dad was busy watching news as usual and mom was busy with the household chores. The moment I got hold of her was when she had just moved on to the dishwasher to do the dishes. I asked her to get ready so we could leave in a bit, but much to my amazement she seemed to be the least interested. She replied in the negative and told me she had peeled the potatoes and was just about to fry them and there was no chance we’d leave. This is where my tool of emotional blackmail came in, something which I was very good it. I told her I hadn’t been out since a month, that even at the office the year end auditing had kept me really busy and tensed. Dad, being a former auditor himself poked in and convinced mom telling her how important this rest was for me. Mom still pissed, finally did agree to leave. As soon as the clock struck nice, I got out of my apartments and told my parents to come down in five minutes while I get the petrol tank filled up from the nearby pump. Upon reaching the parking lot, straight away I found my car and drove towards the pump. On my way to the gas station, the roads seemed to be empty and I wasn’t able to find even a single car on my way. Even at the station I just found one car, that being of their proprietor. Anyway I got the tank filled and moved towards my apartments and ultimately reach there in five minutes. This time I didn’t enter the apartments but rather called up my dad on his cellular phone

The History Of Bossa Nova

The History Of Bossa Nova The Brazilian music style Bossa Nova is a music genre part of Brazilian Popular Music created in 1958 and faded out about 1963, lasting officially only six years. This musical style is probably the most known style from Brazil in the whole world, having achieved significant success in the four parts of the world such as the United States, Western Europe, Japan and most importantly in its country of birth. This important music style shall be investigated and analysed carefully in the hope of obtaining valuable and interesting points about the history of this revolutionary musical phenomenon. To understand the musical style it is essential to first understand the origin of the term Bossa Nova. The term Bossa was widely used in the 1930s as a slang word in the city of Rio de Janeiro. It meant to do something in a different but very original way. The term was basically used to describe something in a cool or trendy way. The Portuguese word Nova in simple English term means new. The translation of the whole term would therefore be something like New Trend. The term basically was created by the youth of that time, as a form of opposing everything they believed to be old, ancient and outdated in Brazilian Music. Bossa Nova was heavily criticised when it first came out to the people, mainly due to its strong influences from American music and especially on post war American culture. Big names such as of pianist Stan Kenton were said to be a major influence on the style, due to his new and innovative methods in his American jazz orchestra. Another influence mentioned by critics is of impressionist composers such as Claude Debussy and Maurice Rave, both playing an important role in the creation of the style. The most obvious and most common style influence however to the human ear comes clearly from American music such as cool jazz and even bebop. This is mainly due to the use of dissonant chords which is very common in jazz music. These musical styles and influences, along with the youths discontent with the music scenario at the time, encouraged the musical revolutionaries to modernise music, thus creating the beautiful style known to all of us as bossa nova. Another definite and positive mus ical influence coming from Brazilian popular music is of local singers Lucio Alves and Dick Farney. Both singers were famous in the 1950s for having soft and peaceful vocals, as opposed to the stereotypical stronger and more powerful voice which was very common at the time. Dick Farneys music is considered nowadays to be the Pre bossa nova phase. All of these factors contributed to the creation of the style and practically differentiated the bossa nova style from all of the other existing acts in the world. During the year of 1957 and onwards, a selective group of middle classed young and aspiring musicians would gather together frequently in order to socialise, but most importantly, to play and make music. These people would get together and share their ideas in apartments or houses, at different spots around the city. The main place however where these people played music was at Nara Leaos apartment in Copacabana, a noble district in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The beautiful Nara Leà £o, at the time was only 15 years old, but nonetheless still participated in those reunions and already at that age showed great taste for music and outstanding vocal abilities. Nara Leao would later become a professional singer, touring with artists such as Sergio Mendes and becoming one of the styles greatest female icon, being referred to as thebossa novas muse and becoming forever immortalized in bossa novas history. In those musical reunions great musicians and singers such as Carlos Lyra and Robert o Menescal played part and were frequent attenders. As time progressed, that group gained more visibility and increased in size. Artists such as Ronaldo Boscoli, Chico Feitosa and the great Joao Gilberto soon made part of that same group which would revolutionize Brazilian music. Bossa nova was above all an emerging urban movement in the country during the developing phase of Juscelino Kubitscheks presidency years. It is believed by many critics that the style happened after the re-encounter of two members from the groups, Tom Jobim and Joao Gilberto in the year of 1957. According to writer Sà ³stenes Pernambuco Pires Barros (2001, my translation) Some researchers believe that from those meetings Bossa Nova was created. Poet Vinicius de Moraes agrees however the theme is very controversial. A massive surprise that was introduced by the style was the fact that the lyrics in the songs contrasted heavily with what was being played at the time. The lyrics from the style generally adopted light and easy going themes, something very different to the original samba songs which were usually sad and depressing. As was mentioned before, the form of singing and the way in which the lyrics were delivered in bossa nova style was completely different to the other more operatic voices in the music business. The style brought a form of different singing, instead of actually singing the words, singers would practically speak in a very colloquial way the words, thus singing in a not so loud way. By doing this, the focus of the song was ultimately the lyrics of the song, the way in which they were narrated to the listeners and most importantly the form that the accompaniment and harmony of the song were directly connected to the singing, as opposed to having weak harmonies and powerful vo ices. In order to revolutionise Brazilian music, composers from the style would use extensively the so called dissonant chords, which later rather ironically as a form of manifesto against the critics, Tom Jobim composed the tune called Desafinado (Out of Tune, my translation). It is important to state that the musical revolutionaries didnt in any way dislike the existing national musical styles, but intead believed that the the old samba tunes were especially melancholic and very depressing. The youth of the nation believed that the music had to be changed sooner or later. They would in the future go ahead and create the style bossa nova. A style that contained different harmonies, simpler lyrics and poetries, happy thoughts and most importantly, new rhythms. The style was however not intended to be better or worse than the other styles, it was meant to be simply different. Different from everything, more refined and with more optimistic views on the future. Brazilian writer who li ved and took part in the whole movement Sà ³stenes Pernambuco Pires Barros (2001, my translation) states that In reality, it cant even be classed as a musical genre. It is the form in which the music is treated, in relation to beats and rhythm. The first Bossa Nova mark officially started in May 1958 when female singer Elizeth Cardosos tracks were released in a LP with various artists. One of her two tracks was called Canà §Ãƒ £o Do Amor Demais (Loveful Tune, my translation). The LP featured the legendary Joao Gilberto playing guitar in her both tracks. These turned out to be the recordings that would characterize the new invented guitar accompaniment made by Joao Gilberto, which in a few years would be one of the styles greatest trademark feature. This feature was in actual fact the syncopated guitar groove, which was syncopated on every weak drum beat. That same LP was produced by label Festa and featured the other track by singer Elizeth Cardoso called Chega de Saudade (Enough of Longing) by the genius musical partners Tom Jobim and poet Vinicius de Morais. The LP when released intended to focus mainly on the partners and especially on Vinicius de Moraiss work, since he wished to record his best poetry and as consequenc e release it to the people. Surprisingly enough, according to a famous local journalist at the time Ruy Castro (1990, p.175, my translation) As opposed to what is believed today, that LP was not a hit when it was released in May 1958. Later on that year the same Joao Gilberto went on to record an LP as a solo artists in which for the first time he would sing and play. The LP featured one of the singers own songs, the tune Bim Bom but most importantly featured the same song from before Chega de Saudade of partners Tom Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes. Joao Gilberto brought his own special touch again to the cover version such as the characteristic guitar accompaniment and beat to the music, and in a sense brought to life once more the important features that would later become strong characteristics of the style. Joao Gilberto in his version also innovated and created the new way of singing to fit the style. He had sung the song using the features of the style mentioned previously above, this is singing with a not very loud voice and in a sense, nearly whispering into the microphone. The singer would later achieve both national and international success with that same song which features over 100 different covers by different artists, from those days until nowadays. According to the original composer of the song Tom Jobim The bossa nova of the song Chega de Saudade is practically concentrated on the harmonies, the altered chords which were not so used by musicians at the time, and in the new guitar hand picking groove executed by Joao Gilberto(2002, http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/verbete.asp?nome=Bossa+Novatabela=T_FORM_C). During the initial years, musicians from the old reunion groups formed in 1957 would play and present some of their music in local universities, in order to introduce their music to the people. Bossa nova music was in fact the first Brazilian musical movement to egress from universities, seeing that all of their initials performances took part in those areas. The musical group as a result gained even more visibility and followers, such as of composer Leny Andrade, famous for his instrumental music and the nowadays famous Sergio Mendes. As time progressed, the style was taken slowly to the other parts of the city of Rio de Janeiro, such as small venues and bars in the district of Copacabana, before achieving worldwide success and become a musical epidemic. After a few performances, musician Tom Jobim started to rise in popularity, as people got to listen more and understand better the new style being played. Tom Jobims music plays an important part in the history of classic bossa nova with tunes such as Desafinado and Samba De Uma Nota Sà ³ (One Note Samba, my translation). Those two songs in actual fact were the first songs chosen from the bossa nova style to enter the competitive American music market in the early 1960s. Together with Vinicius de Moraes, Tom Jobim created the all time bossa nova anthem known as Garota de Ipanema(Girl From Ipanema, my translation). That song in actual fact would later become the second most famous Brazilian song in the whole word, after only Aquarela do Brasil by composer Ary Barroso. Following the great acceptance of the style in American grounds, bossa nova artists were invited to play in what is known to many Brazilian musicians, as a historical concert in 1962 in the Carnegie Hall, New York. Some artists that played part in this event were obviously Tom Jobim and Joao Gilberto, Carlos Lyra, Sergio Mendes and many other famous names at the time. The concert was intended to approximate the bossa nova artists to the American people and the event proved to be a great success, opening new doors and boundaries for that style of music internationally. That concert had such great demands and visibility that it was broadcast to the whole world live. Since then, Tom Jobims song Garota de Ipanema has been featured and played in more than 150 different recordings by different artists. The song was such a successful hit that besides being played by the composer himself in 1963, it was also played shortly after by Sarah Vaughan in 1964, Stan Gets in 1966, Frank Sinatra and Tom Jobim together in 1967 and even the great Ella Fitzgerald in 1971, amongst other great national and international artists. Jazz saxofonist Stan Getz and guitarrist Charlie Byrd in 1962 even recorded a cover instrumental version of the song Desafinado by Tom Jobim, showing once more the great acceptance of bossa nova music on international grounds. The chronological end of the style in 1963 didnt by any means signify that the style would whatsoever become extinct. In fact, the style left a great big legacy of fans and followers and especially admirers of the great style. As was mentioned before, songs were extensively covered by great names of jazz music even after the official end of the Bossa Nova Years as a form of paying back what the Brazilian style did to their music. As Bossa Nova grew in America consequently so did Jazz music. In 1965, thus after the end of the musical movement, poet Vinicius de Moraes and musician Edu Lobo composed a song called Arrastao (Dragging, my translation). That same song was covered by singer Elis Regina. That song marked the end of Bossa Nova but only the start of what was going to be called in the future as MPB(Brazilian Popular Music), a style that would fuse many Brazilian styles and influences until the 1980s. In present time concerts are still put on dedicated to the Bossa Nova style suc h as when the style completed 40 years and other celebratory events. Also, in more recent years the style influenced greatly other generations of artists from a post British punk scene such as bands Style Council, Everything but the Girl and even Jamiroquai. The style can still be frequently heard also in electronic music where djs have used bossa nova influences, creating the style bossa electrica. From all of this it can be finally be concluded that although the style only lasted roughly six years, the great impact that it had on the people at those times and even nowadays is unquestionable. Bossa nova was undoubtedly a revolution in Brazilian music for the important changes it brought such as the developed way of singing and especially the syncopated guitar picking, thus creating the classic bossa nova groove. During the years, it was widely recognised as being an exotic style with songs being covered restlessly by many different artists around the world. The style also brought and made people more aware of great composers such as Tom Jobim and Joao Gilberto, which is considered to be the pope of the style for his creations and creations in Brazilian music. Bossa nova left behind a great legacy in music and with no doubts whatsoever will hopefully continue to do so, bringing happier, harmonic and enjoyable music to its listeners. Word Count: 2498 Reference List Barros, S.P.P. (2001) Histà ³rias da Bossa Nova Available at: http://www.almacarioca.com.br/mpb.htm (Accessed: 17 April 2009) Castro, Ruy. (1990) Chega de Saudade, Sà £o Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1990 Dicionà ¡rio Cravo Albin da Musica Brasileira, 2002 Available: http://www.dicionariompb.com.br/verbete.asp?nome=Bossa+Novatabela=T_FORM_C (Accessed): 17 April 2009)

Fullers Leila Essay -- Margaret Fuller Leila Papers

Methodological Introduction New historicism is premised upon an ideological attempt to wed the practice of history and literary criticism. In this type of textual analysis, the literary work is juxtaposed with historical events (characteristic of the time period in which the work was produced) in an effort to understand the implications within the text. This line of inquiry serves to recover a "historical consciousness" which may be utilized in the rendering of literary theory. "Poems and novels came to be seen in isolation, as urnlike objects of precious beauty. The new historicists, whatever their differences and however defined, want us to see that even the most unlike poems are caught in a web of historical conditions, relationships, and influences."[1] Such an introspective framework ultimately contributes to a wide variety of conceptualizations in literary analysis; such as Marxism, Feminist criticism, and post-structuralism. This attempt to contextualize literary works in a historical manner is also supp lemental to more conventional types of literary analysis such as deconstructionism. New historicism, however, tends to be representative of a postmodern project which inevitably leads scholars to question the application of historical concepts as an ideological tool in literary analysis. The attempt to establish a connection between a literary text and historical event is often reflective of the paradigms characteristic to the practice of writing history. These paradigms foster a notion of exclusivity which may actually hinder a literary analysis. Such an introspective framework ultimately contributes to a wide variety of conceptualizations in literary analysis; such as Marxism, Feminist criticism, and post-structuralism.... ...ted to sex-based discrimination as determined by the cult of domesticity. Because of the social implications of Transcendentalist thought, the actualization of Leila in the spiritual realm would serve to redefine nineteenth century gender-based exclusiveness within the social context. Bibliography Lawrence Buell. Literary Transcendentalism, Cornell University Press(Ithaca, 1973). Capper, Charles. Margaret Fuller: An American Romantic Life-The Private Years. Oxford University Press(New York, 1992). Murfin, Ross. "What is New Historicism?" in The Scarlet Letter. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Boston: Bedford Books of St Martin's Press, 1991. Kornfeild, Eve. Margaret Fuller: A Brief Biography with Documents. Bedford Books(New York, 1997). Steele, Jeffrey, ed. The Essential Margaret Fuller. Rutgers University Press(New Brunswick, 1992).

Models for Learning and Development

our site – BUSINESS MANAGEMENT DISSERTATION TOPICS – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING Abstract This essay critically appraises the validity of the 70, 20, 10 formula used for giving due recognition to different types of management learning. Using a wide variety of resources, the discussion assesses the current method, future potential and possible shortcomings. The research shows that the process of aiding employees to develop, any form of additional education on the job adds to the natural way people develop, aiding both the person and the company. Yet, in many cases the method is found to be outdated in the face of developing technology. This study will be of interest to those researching developing trends in relation to long standing practices 1 Introduction This essay critically appraises the validity of the 70: 20: 10 formula used for giving due recognition to different types of management learning. Burgess (2017) describes the 70:20:10 Model for Learning and Development as a learning model that seeks to improve overall performance through targeted efforts. Jennings et al., (2010) illustrates the formula in the following manner: Seventy per cent assignments Twenty per cent from relationships Ten per cent from training Watkins et al., (1992) argues that learning begins with motivation, leading to action.. Whilst this seems to be a simple form of beginning, this start could come in various forms that leave many things in question. For example, a mistake which is a very common beginning point, builds experience, leading to a learning experience. Yet, Pollock et al., (2015) describes the system as outdated . With many others critical of this approach including Blackman et al., (2016), the following discussion illustrates the pros and cons of the method. 2 The 70: 20:10 Models Rentroia-Bonito et al., (2015) argue that the 70:20:10 model helps people to extend their focus beyond the norm in order to build more resilient workforces thereby serving to create cultures that feature continuous learning. Critical of this Blackman et al., (2016) says that the 70:20:10 isn’t a simple rule as it only outlines the process of learning as it naturally occurs, only then offering a process to support that learning process. Furthermore, as part of the daily workflow the method helps in the effort to improve working as well as the art of and sharing with colleagues, empowering the entire company or effort to move forward. This seems to generate considerable questions regarding the meaning of the numbers and how this has been defined throughout its term of operation. The 70:20:10 models, although considered a change agent by most, is described by Watkins et al., (1992) as a consistently useful reminder that learning can also be found in the workplace and not just in the a educational format. Yet, Pollock et al., (2015) are critical of assigning any single meaning to the model, showing that learning is continually dependent on the person, the environment and the motivation. This seems to indicate that learning is a very personal based experience that can be successful for nearly anyone once the correct combination of method and motivation is found. Furthermore, this is a real indication that the influx of numbers cannot be considered a mantra, more of a guideline leading to a potential change. Blackman et al., (2016) supports the contention that many of the past years have continued to illustrate the condition that workplace learning is on the increase with more and more people are using the possibility of learning in organisations. Yet, Jennings et al., (2010) continue to be critical of such an assumption, arguing that alongside each new learning development is an advance in the science of education, which in turn is associated with increasing the ability for organisations to effectively reach their target employees. This seems to be a strong argument for the condition of consistent learning in every situation aiding the person in the entirely. Furthermore, this framework aids the understanding of learning within organisations that is widely considered a step towards more effective know-how learning (Rentroia-Bonito et al., 2015). Yet, every writer continues to agree that the elements of the method of completely interdependent, with each one impacting the other. This is best scene in examples that illustrate that mentoring and courses seem to be better when they support on-the-job development, leading to a consistent motivation. Blackman et al., (2016) describe the 70:20:10 formulas as an argument that is made when an organisation tries to innovate and prosper based on the abilities held by the employees. Yet, choosing to add to that description, Jennings et al., (2010) illustrates the method as a model designed to support individual, as well as any form of organisational learning. This seems to be indicative of a desire by this process to integrate each of the three types of learning: experiential, social and formal. Critical of accepting the method on initial value Marsick et al., (2006) argues that organisations assume more responsibility for any organisation’s learning, as a means of improving the entire company whether that education come from formal or informal conditions. Pollock et al., (2015) chooses to believe that the process is of value as a general guideline only, leading to many areas of for improving the effectiveness of learning. Yet, Rentroia-Bonito et al., (2015) is critical of this assessment, being quick to point out that the model is used heavily by organisations around the world.2.1 Meaning of the NumbersEach of the percentages associated with the 70:20:10 methods are associated with specific elements of the learning process (Jennings et al., 2010). This is an indication that there are areas that deserve more attention to and broader funding, leading to the development of priorities. Watkins et al., (1992) argues that the 70 per cent becomes the most beneficial for employees due to the possibility of for these persons to discover and further develop their skills, which in turn leads to better decision making and better performance in the face of ongoing day to day challenges. Although Blackman et al., (2016) argues that the key element of this portion of the program is the fact that the individuals receive immediate feedback on their performance and are able to quickly use this information on the job. According to this method, persons learn 20 per cent fro m areas of social learning, collaborative learning and of interaction with co-workers. Pollock et al., (2015:124) uses the following illustration to demonstrate the range of interpretations: A multinational company 70% comes from constant on-the job Encouragement and stimulation such as delegation and job rotation. 20%from daily contact with colleagues and management. A professional services firm 70% on the job such as stretch, projects, problems solving, client interaction, and rotation assignments. 20% undertaken through others such as social networking, performance conversations; work shadowing, communities of practice and social activities. 10% formal or prescribed. 10% from formal methods such as e-learning, the classroom, external courses. A distribution organisation 70% from work experiences such as stretch assignments, projects and overseas exposure. 20% others such as mentoring and learning from seniors and peers. 10% formal and informal channels. An Australian government body 70% is experiential. 20% is relationship based. 10% is formal. A not-for-profit organisation 70% on the job. 20% coaching and mentoring. 10% formal courses. A large multinational organisation 70% from on-the-job training, projects. 20% from exposure to teachers and other educators. 10% from learning material including online resources, books and external resources. The Pollock et al., (2015) approach outlined here only seems content that ten per cent of any class of trainees working to be a professional will complete the course and development optimally. This condition will result from the combination of the formal instruction alongside the contribution of outside offerings.2.2 Is the 70:20:10 still relevant?Jennings et al., (2010) argues that the internet, alongside developing communications technology has altered the training industry’s views of the 70:20:10 models, making some elements more meaningful, whilst reducing others. Perhaps the fastest and loudest growing criticism of the model is the fact that the old model does not reflect the current market’s fast-growing emphasis any type of learning. This seems to indicate that as technology continues to develop, so too do the opportunities for people to learn anywhere, seemingly lending support for the argument that the model needs to be updated for the modern world. Another observation that is commonly touted to the negative in relation to this model is the fact that the ratios do not reflect the many opportunities emerging, instead seemingly limiting the effectiveness of the tool (Pollock et al., 2015). Yet, Watkins et al., (1992) argues that no matter what may come in the markets the model will continue to be as a valuable guideline. Blackman et al., (2015) argues that the relevance of the method remains in the ability for the model to assist the transition from the formal learning to on the job application. This is best achieved using specific methods such as step by step instructions or allowing a person to instruct themselves leading to potential opportunities during training. However, Watkins et al., (1992) insists that any attempt to use the model in today’s markets rests on the ability for the course content to remain short in order to tackle a wider variety of concepts. Furthermore, this seems to indicate that any attempt at using the model will increasingly use methods such as micro learning, leading to innovation and development. Yet, Blackman et al., (2015) shows that if a model is not carried out correctly, the learnings will begin to occupy more time than the 10%, leading to a skewed attempt. This element seems to support the contention that the model is highly dependent on management style an d ease of any programs use. Jennings et al., (2010) asserts that job aids aid to provide possible learners with much of the supplementary materials that is needed in to succeed, leading to better skills for the person in the long run. Yet, Blackman et al., (2015) again asserts that the most valuable element of the program is the introduction of the peer learning component that allow employees to find methods of success outside of the norm, again, leading to innovation and possible development in the work place. The relevance of the model has further increased with Jennings et al., (2010) that the addition of mobile content adds a tremendous extension of any learning efforts. This seems to indicate that there is a real potential in this model to extend formal learnings and help in the persons personal efforts to establish a proper educational path. Yet, in every case Blackman et al., (2015) asserts that the most important element, and remaining relevance of this model is the self-as sessment that helps each person to learn and apply their knowledge.2.3 PotentialPascale (2017) asserts that learning programs provide potential as they are addressing employees as well as providing experience and the benefit of increased confidence. This seems to indicate that Pascale (2017) sees the method as learning that can be attributed to any single person’s capacities which in turn assist the person’s entire workforce. Yet, Jennings et al., (2010) cautions against this form of over optimism, stating that these skills are the employees, and the person may choose to use these emerging skills elsewhere or in a different manner than the company may have anticipated. Jennings et al., (2010:20) says that the system has the potential to â€Å"forces us into a mind-set of extending learning solutions beyond classes and courses and out into the workflow. It creates great opportunities to leverage work for learning and to bring learning closer to work. As the workflow is where the majority of learning happens, re-focusing there is not only a sensible approach, but it’s an effective one as well.† This seems plausible with a real opportunity for persons to learn through practice and establishing as well as learning through the day to day employee conversations. Yet, Watkins (1992) assert that the best possible element of the program rests in the element of reflective practice that both enhances the organisational learning as well as adding to any form of personal educational experience. This seems to indicate that there is support for a system that helps a person becomes the best form of themselves that they can be, which in turn seems to require a little more flexibility than a rigid model. Burgess (2017) describes this art of reflection as a link across any activities that assist to assess a person’s success or failure, which in turn adds to the likelihood of success in a new challenge. Furthermore, extending this principle sho ws that reflecting on improvement, alongside practice and is a natural and practical way for a person to improve their potential for growth. With intuitive elements already a large part of every person’s life in the form of teachers, coaches and mentors with endless sessions of practice in any number of educational efforts, the method provides a framework that adds to the potential for anyone to succeed (Watkins et al., 1992). However, this is not the same attitude evinced by the later studies such as Burgess (2017) citing the need for more flexibility in order to provide the proper potential for growth and innovation.2.4 ChallengesJennings et al., (2017) argue that the biggest challenge of using the 70:20:10 frameworks is how to do it correctly in any environment. Yet, Pascale (2017) cites the largest challenge as matching the various levels of understanding among the persons being educated. Whilst Pollock et al., (2015) argues that the largest challenge going forward is going to be the nature of the process and the inability of method to effectively integrate technology. Although, this contention is debated among many professionals with Jennings et al., (2017) making arguments clearly in favour of using innovative technology to aid in both reaching employees and the manner in which they would understand their material. This all seems to sustain the contention that although there seems to be a solid structure to the system overall, the lack of a solid step by step system that can be applied in nearly any circumstance is a drawback. Furthermore, it would seem as if the area of technology remains a key weakness that needs to be developed. Pascale (2017) cites the fact that leaders are actively seeking out new ways to train employees, that there is a need for more innovation and development. With nearly seventy per cent of hands on training, considered to take too long, the mistakes made by employees only serve to reduce effectiveness and potential revenue. Furthermore, Watkins et al., (1992) notes this same condition, with the companies that using temporary workers hit hardest. This seems to support the arguments that technology has brought on training that provides a focused way for people to speed up learning whilst keeping overall cost low. 3 Conclusion This essay critically appraised the validity of the 70: 20: 10 formula used for giving due recognition to different types of management learning, with the understanding that the learning model seeks to improve overall performance through targeted efforts. With considerable debate on the subject, the central area of challenges to the system was the assertion that it was becoming outdated and that the seventy per cent assignments, twenty per cent from relationships and ten per cent from training were not effective in the modern market, making the entire method questionable. Yet, support for the method centred largely on the ability for the educational material to provide a source of growth and reflection for the employee that would in turn aid them in learning in a natural manner that would easily integrate into their professional lives. This seems to support the Watkins et al., (1992) argument that learning begins with motivation, leading to action. This motivation is built upon the desire to better them through education, and the method does seem to provide a valid and practical process for attaining that goal. However, the critics of this process are a quick to point out that any mistake will build a faulty knowledge base that should be better controlled to ensure quality. However, with time being a key element of any business community, it does not seem practical for employees to expect to receive any long term education that many received in the past in formal educational settings. The material in this study seems to support the contention that when seeking to determine how long someone needs to train, it remains vital to look at the method and manner of training. There are many choices for each unique person, making some critics of the system point out that the need for flexibility is a real and lasting component of any system.. This works to build confidence in the assessment that a person’s learning program will help to build better overall working practices that will in turn benefit the company or organisation that the persons is associated with. Furthermore, the material clearly shows that there is more to learn than how to make the connection in the classroom, that there must be deeper elements that serve to encourage and develop the innovative nature of the person, whilst not relying on a single model for universal education. The research shows that the process of aiding employees to develop, any form of additional education on the job adds to the natural way people develop, aiding both the person and the company. Yet, in many cases the method is found to be outdated in the face of developing technology. This study will be of interest to those researching developing trends in relation to long standing practices. This study shows that formal training and development serve only a portion of a person, or employees learning and educational development, with valuable sources of education and knowledge coming from practice, reflection and the proximity and mentorship of experienced professionals in the field. The research illustrates that by aiding people, employees and leaders to work and develop educational process whilst on the job, the ability to naturally integrate this knowledge into their professional lives grows. This growth not only seems to aid the person on many levels, but aids the efforts of the companies associated with the person, supporting the contention that the 70:20:10 model is not only relevant but needed in the modern community. This continues to show that people develop on the job and in order to companies to remain or become successful education must be a cornerstone of that process. References Blackman, D. and Johnson, S. (2016). The 70:20:10 model for learning and development: an effective model for capability development?. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(1), pp.112-116. Burgess, J. (2017). Is a Blended Learning Approach Suitable for Mature, Part-Time Finance Students?.. [online] Eric.ed.gov. Available at: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1098715 [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. Cotton, J. and Rechtschaffen, A. (1958). Replication report: Two- and three-choice verbal-conditioning phenomena. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 56(1), pp.96-96. Gardner, R. (1957). Probability-Learning with Two and Three Choices. The American Journal of Psychology, 70(2), p.174. Jennings, C. and Wargnier, J. (2010). Experiential learning – a way to develop agile minds in the knowledge economy?. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 24(3), pp.14-16. Jennings, C., Jennings, C. and profile, V. (2017). 70:20:10 Primer. [online] Charles-jennings.blogspot.com. Available at: http://charles-jennings.blogspot.com/2015/08/702010-primer.html [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. KMI Learning. (2017). 70-20-10 Training – A New Approach | KMI Learning. [online] Available at: https://www.kmilearning.com/70-20-10-training/ [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. Pascale, C. (2017). 70:20:10 Guide: Provide Structure to the 70%. [online] Docebo. Available at: https://www.docebo.com/2015/04/16/informal-training-70-20-10/ [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. Pollock, R., Jefferson, A., Wick, C. and Wick, C. (2015). The six disciplines of breakthrough learning. 1st ed. Rentroia-Bonito, M., Goncalves, D. and Jorge, J. (2015). Clustering Students Based on Motivation to Learn:. International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning, 7(3), pp.18-39. Td.org. (2017). 70:20:10: Where Is the Evidence?. [online] Available at: https://www.td.org/Publications/Blogs/Science-of-Learning-Blog/2014/07/70-20-10-Where-Is-the-Evidence [Accessed 17 Mar. 2017]. Td.org. (2017). 70:20:10: Where Is the Evidence?. [online] Available at: https://www.td.org/Publications/Blogs/Science-of-Learning-Blog/2014/07/70-20-10-Where-Is-the-Evidence [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. Training Magazine. (2017). Fear Not the 70-20-10. [online] Available at: https://trainingmag.com/content/fear-not-70-20-10 [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. Trainingindustry.com. (2017). The 70:20:10 Model for Learning and Development | Training Industry. [online] Available at: https://www.trainingindustry.com/wiki/entries/the-702010-model-for-learning-and-development.aspx [Accessed 24 Mar. 2017]. Watkins, K. and Marsick, V. (1992). Towards a theory of informal and incidental learning in organizations?. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 11(4), pp.287-300.

How to Come Up with an Iconic Character Name in 12 Steps

How to Come Up with an Iconic Character Name in 12 Steps How To Come Up With A Character Name: an Author's Guide Before you’ve even started your novel, you’re in danger of stalling on one crucial detail: how to come up with a character name.Will you choose a short, blunt name, like James Bond? A memorable one, like Holden Caulfield? Will you go with self awareness, like Artful Dodger, or absurdism, like Ignatius Reilly? Or, perhaps, will you pick no name at all?Coming up with character names shouldn’t be impossible, but it is important. To help you navigate this all-important choice, we drummed up 12 steps. But first, let's unpack why you might not want to simply pick a name out of a hat.Why do names matter?Think of any character from any book. Got one? We're willing to bet they aren’t named â€Å"John.†For a name to stick in the reader’s head, it should be as thoughtful as every other aspect of your novel. Character names are to characters as titles are to books, so if you’re blindly putting finger to phone book when picking one, you’re d oing it wrong.Fortunately, it’s not too hard to do right. In reality, a character name has just a few things to establish:Clarity: Helps the reader differentiate between the major players.Character: Reveals personality and the type of character without needing to say more than a word.Bankability: The right name can make your character iconic.As for how to choose a character name yourself, that’s a whole other question - one we’ll take a crack at answering next. Pop Quiz: Do you know the three reasons that character names matter? How to come up with a character nameYou deserve more than common sense advice that you could come up with yourself: only give names to important characters, for instance, or avoid common names. These are 12 top shelf tricks to mastering the art of naming a character. Did you come up with any character names you're particularly proud of? Show them off in the comment box below!

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